Class 9 dangerous goods, regulated by chemistry, watt-hour rating and whether they ship alone or with equipment. Lithium-ion alone is UN3480; in or packed with equipment, UN3481 (lithium-metal: UN3090 / UN3091). For air, cells and batteries shipped alone must be at a state of charge of 30% or less. The rules are strict and change often — this is the lane most forwarders decline and Kintech quotes weekly.
Full guideShipping lithium batteries: UN3480, UN3481 and the rules that trip people up →